New York"s subway system, dating back to 1904, has evolved from a short, 9.1-mile line to a massive network with 472 stations and over 800 miles of track. It became a popular and affordable mode of transportation, experiencing growth in routes, technology, and art installations. Challenges like aging infrastructure, crime, and high passenger volumes have persisted, but the system has adapted, maintaining 24/7 operation. In 2023, it handled 11.3 billion passengers annually, reflecting the city"s urbanization and technological advancements.