This research focuses on the chemical model-based cognitive education, exploring how to enhance students" core competencies in this area. It highlights the importance of designing teaching strategies that cater to different levels of model abstraction, from concrete examples to higher-level theories. The study utilizes a case study with high school students to assess their understanding of both specific and general battery models, emphasizing the need for迁移学习 and problem-solving skills. It contributes to the ongoing discussion on the integration of psychological insights into chemistry teaching to foster deeper understanding and skill development.